The United Nations refugee agency (UNHCR) issued a stark warning this Tuesday, highlighting how the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence is fueling a surge in misinformation, hate speech, and manipulated digital content. This technological escalation is posing a severe threat to both refugees and humanitarian workers, directly disrupting critical aid operations and, in alarming instances, inciting real-world violence against vulnerable displaced populations. The agency emphasizes that the border between digital falsehoods and physical safety has become increasingly thin in the age of AI.
According to a recent survey conducted by the UNHCR, 93 percent of its staff reported encountering incidents where misinformation or disinformation impeded their humanitarian efforts. Generative AI has significantly lowered the barriers to entry for those seeking to spread malice, allowing for the widespread creation of realistic deepfake videos and sophisticated fabricated narratives. These tools are now frequently weaponized to dismantle the reputations of aid organizations and circulate dangerous propaganda that targets those seeking asylum.
The impact of this digital instability extends deep into the lives of displaced people, creating systemic barriers to basic rights. By poisoning the information landscape, these falsehoods limit refugees’ access to employment, education, and essential protection services. Furthermore, the spread of dehumanizing speech andscapegoating—often amplified by AI algorithms—erodes social cohesion within host communities. The UNHCR notes that such rhetoric has directly triggered protests, public hostility, and, in extreme cases, acts of physical violence that exacerbate the very displacement crisis the agency is trying to solve.
Libya serves as a harrowing case study for these risks, with the UNHCR pointing to recent waves of targeted hate speech that have compromised the security of its staff. The agency highlighted specific instances involving the use of AI to create counterfeit videos that impersonate senior UN officials. Additionally, social media platforms have been used to incite danger, with posts urging individuals to disclose the secret locations of aid workers or labeling local staff as traitors, thereby trapping humanitarian professionals in the crosshairs of localized conflicts.
Beyond the threat of violence, the digital landscape has become a hunting ground for criminal syndicates. The UNHCR warns that bad actors are leveraging the reach of digital platforms to target those fleeing conflict with fraudulent promises of safe passage, legal status, or employment. These deceptions often lead desperate individuals directly into the hands of human traffickers and smugglers, turning the digital promise of safety into a catalyst for further exploitation and human rights abuses.
In a formal appeal issued at the AI for Good Summit in Geneva, the UNHCR is calling for a global shift in how technology is governed. The agency is urging governments, tech companies, and researchers to integrate humanitarian protections into the core of AI regulation. This includes improving content moderation systems to identify harmful narratives—particularly in lower-resource, less widely spoken languages—and ensuring that human-centered safety teams are given the authority to implement robust frameworks to counter manipulation, ultimately placing the sanctity of human life above the speed of technological innovation.