HIV Diagnoses Decline in New Zealand, But Stigma Persists: An Interview with HIV Advocate Kit Harding
New Zealand has witnessed a significant drop in HIV diagnoses, with a 30% decrease in 2022 compared to the average between 2016 and 2020. This positive trend can be attributed, in part, to increased access to pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), a highly effective daily pill that prevents HIV transmission. Pharmac’s funding of PrEP since 2018 has undoubtedly played a crucial role in reducing infection rates. However, despite these advancements, outdated perceptions and stigma surrounding HIV continue to pose significant challenges for those living with the virus. To shed light on these issues, Re: News spoke with HIV advocate Kit Harding, who candidly shared his personal journey and insights into living with HIV in New Zealand.
Kit Harding’s story begins with a routine sexual health screening that yielded an unexpected positive result for HIV. The diagnosis initially brought feelings of self-stigma, isolation, and shame. Harding grappled with internalized negativity, believing he was somehow responsible for his diagnosis and undeserving of happiness. This emotional turmoil led him to withdraw from intimate relationships for several years, driven by a profound fear of rejection and judgment.
Navigating the dating world as someone living with HIV presents unique challenges. Harding explains the delicate balance between building trust and disclosing his status. While honesty and transparency are crucial, the fear of rejection remains a constant concern. He emphasizes the importance of open communication and understanding within relationships, recognizing that disclosing a positive HIV status requires vulnerability and acceptance.
Fortunately, HIV testing in New Zealand is readily accessible and offers various options. Rapid testing provides results within minutes at designated clinics, at-home testing kits offer convenience and privacy, and traditional blood tests are available through sexual health clinics. Prompt testing and early diagnosis are vital for effective treatment and preventing further transmission.
New Zealand benefits from a robust healthcare system that provides effective treatment for HIV. Harding highlights the availability of antiretroviral therapy, which can suppress the virus to undetectable levels. Achieving an undetectable viral load not only prevents further damage to the immune system but also eliminates the risk of transmitting the virus to others. This concept, known as "Undetectable = Untransmittable" (U=U), has revolutionized HIV prevention and treatment.
While legal precedent in New Zealand mandates disclosure of HIV-positive status if reasonable precautions, such as condom use, are not taken, Harding has encountered persistent stigma and misconceptions, even within healthcare settings. He recounts instances where medical professionals donned double gloves or even face masks before interacting with him, demonstrating a lack of understanding about HIV transmission. A common misconception is the belief that HIV can be transmitted through saliva, whereas in reality, it would require ingesting an impractical volume of saliva to contract the virus.
Harding’s fervent wish is for widespread understanding and acceptance of the U=U message. He believes that if everyone grasped the fact that an undetectable viral load eliminates the risk of transmission, much of the stigma surrounding HIV would dissipate. Education and awareness are key to dismantling fear and prejudice.
To further reduce HIV transmission in New Zealand, Harding emphasizes the critical role of stigma reduction. Creating a supportive and inclusive environment where people living with HIV feel comfortable seeking testing and treatment without fear of judgment is paramount. He advocates for open conversations, increased awareness campaigns, and ongoing education to challenge misinformation and foster empathy.
Living with HIV has profoundly impacted Harding, shaping his perspective and fostering a deeper understanding of others. He sees his diagnosis as a catalyst for personal growth, enabling him to connect with people on a more profound level and cultivate compassion. His advocacy work and willingness to share his story contribute significantly to destigmatizing HIV and promoting a more inclusive society.
Harding’s experience highlights the complex interplay between medical advancements, persistent stigma, and the personal journey of living with HIV. While New Zealand has made significant strides in HIV prevention and treatment, addressing the social and emotional challenges faced by those living with the virus remains a crucial aspect of achieving an AIDS-free future. By fostering open dialogue, dismantling harmful stereotypes, and promoting understanding, New Zealand can create a more supportive environment for people living with HIV and move closer to eradicating the virus.