NATO Must Lead the Fight Against Authoritarian Disinformation, Report Urges
Ottawa, September 4, 2025 – A new report by the Montreal Institute for Global Security and Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung Canada calls for a revitalized North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) to take the helm in combating the escalating online aggression of authoritarian regimes. The report, “Wired for War: How Authoritarian States are Weaponizing AI Against the West”, highlights the concerted efforts of China, Russia, Iran, and North Korea to expand their influence, undermine U.S. leadership, discredit Western alliances, and portray the West as hypocritical and neo-colonial. The report stresses the urgent need for democracies to recognize the severity of this threat and implement a robust and coordinated response.
The report details how these autocratic states utilize a combination of state-controlled media and covert channels to disseminate disinformation, leveraging cutting-edge technologies like artificial intelligence, deepfakes, bots, and algorithmic amplification to enhance the reach and impact of their operations. These sophisticated campaigns, designed to appear organic, target diverse audiences across various social media platforms including X (formerly Twitter), Facebook, Telegram, YouTube, and TikTok. The report underscores the insidious nature of these operations, often employing “information laundering” techniques to obscure the origins of the manipulative content, making it harder to track and counter.
The report emphasizes that the West’s response must go beyond traditional military investments and encompass a dedicated commitment to securing the information environment. It calls for a significant portion of increased defense spending to be allocated to countering digital authoritarianism and building digital resilience. With some NATO members already increasing their defense budgets to 3.5% of GDP, the report argues for a strategic shift in focus to address the evolving nature of modern warfare, where information manipulation poses a significant threat. NATO’s existing strategy on emerging technologies provides a foundation, but the alliance cannot fight this battle alone.
The authors contend that Western democracies, led by the United States, must play a crucial role in confronting the information threat with urgency and determination. They lament the recent decline in U.S. leadership in this domain, pointing to defunding and deprioritization of key programs and institutions dedicated to countering information warfare. This, the report argues, has created a dangerous vacuum that needs to be filled by a renewed commitment from the U.S. and increased cooperation and investment from its allies. Stronger partnerships and shared strategic capacity are essential to counter the growing threat posed by authoritarian disinformation campaigns.
The report urges a move beyond simply fact-checking disinformation, advocating for a more comprehensive approach that targets the underlying structures and systems that facilitate its creation and spread. This includes reinvesting in independent news media, which have faced substantial funding cuts in recent years, in contrast to the significant investments made by authoritarian states in their state-backed international media outlets. These investments are aimed at influencing global audiences and shaping narratives favorable to their regimes. The disparity in funding highlights the need for democratic nations to bolster their own media outlets to counter this trend.
In its concluding remarks, the report delivers a stark warning, emphasizing the high stakes involved in this struggle against authoritarian influence. The integrity of democratic institutions, the resilience of alliances, and the survival of the democratic ideal itself are all at risk. The report calls for an immediate and concerted response from democracies, demanding the necessary seriousness, resources, and coordination to effectively counter the threat. The authors emphasize that the era of passive observation is over and that democracies must act decisively to withstand the growing axis of autocracy. Failure to do so, the report warns, could have dire consequences for the future of democracy.
